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Record W1905260101 · doi:10.1002/0471143030.cb2205s24

Multi‐Color <scp>FISH</scp> Techniques

2004· review· en· W1905260101 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueCurrent Protocols in Cell Biology · 2004
Typereview
Languageen
FieldBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
TopicGenomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
Canadian institutionsOntario Institute for Cancer Research
FundersNational Institutes of Health
KeywordsMetaphaseFish <Actinopterygii>KaryotypeChromosomeBiologyChromosomal translocationFluorescence in situ hybridizationComputational biologyMolecular biologyGeneticsGeneFishery

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Traditional FISH analysis has employed, at most, two colors of detection, a red-fluorescing fluorochrome and a green-fluorescing fluorochrome. The improvements in fluorescent imaging and development of heartier fluorochromes/dyes have enabled investigators to use several different DNA probes in one experiment. This may involve all or combinations of locus-specific probes and chromosome paints. The value of such experiments lies in the investigator obtaining far more information from one specific cell at one time, rather then carrying out separate experiments on multiple specimens prepared from the same sample, then extrapolating results. The generic term for multi-color FISH assays is M-FISH, however, the technologies behind the manner in which the fluorochrome information is generated has spawned two different M-FISH systems: spectral karyotyping (SKY) and M-FISH. For both assays, the experimental procedures are identical: commercially available probes for all 24 (human) chromosomes are differentially labeled according to a labeling scheme and hybridized to metaphase spreads for 24 to 48 hr, followed by post-hybridization washes and, if required, antibody detection. The difference lies in the imaging: spectral karyotyping identifies the differentiation of the chromosomes based on their spectral properties, whereas M-FISH identifies the differentiation of the chromosomes based on that fluorochrome's presence or absence when visualized with specific filters. The resulting analysis for both methods is the same, revealing hidden translocations and insertions as well as the chromosomal components of marker chromosomes.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: Review
Teacher disagreement score0.989
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.058
GPT teacher head0.374
Teacher spread0.316 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it