Visceral adipose tissue accumulation and cardiovascular disease risk profile in postmenopausal women with impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Women with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are more at risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that increased visceral adipose tissue (VAT) could explain to a large extent alterations in the cardiovascular disease risk profile of postmenopausal women with IGT or T2D. DESIGN, PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS: Sixty-two women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 33 with IGT and 18 with de novo diagnosed T2D were tested. The sample was further divided into five groups: (i) NGT-low VAT (<130 cm(2) ); (ii) NGT-high VAT (≥130 cm(2)); (iii) IGT-low VAT (<130 cm(2) ); (iv) IGT-high VAT (≥130 cm(2) ) and (v) T2D. RESULTS: Women with T2D, women with IGT-high VAT and those with NGT-high VAT all had lower insulin sensitivity as determined by the euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp (M_I), higher triglyceride (TG), lower HDL(2)-cholesterol (chol) levels and higher levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein than women with NGT-low VAT. Only differences in M_I and early insulin response (EIR) were observed between women with IGT-high VAT and those with NGT-high VAT (lower values in IGT-high VAT). Women with T2D had lower M_I and EIR as well as higher plasma TG and lower plasma Apo A1 and HDL-chol concentrations than women with NGT-high VAT. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that increase in VAT accumulation usually found in women with IGT explains to a large extent the deterioration in their plasma lipid-lipoprotein and inflammatory profile. However, factors other than VAT are involved in explaining the high TG-low HDL dyslipidaemia observed in women with T2D.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".