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Record W1913100135

U.S. Nonproliferation Strategy for the Changing Middle East

2013· article· en· W1913100135 on OpenAlexaboutno aff
Orde F. Kittrie, David Albright, Mark Dubowitz, Leonard S. Spector, Michael D. Yaffe

Bibliographic record

VenueSSRN Electronic Journal · 2013
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEconomics, Econometrics and Finance
TopicEconomic Sanctions and International Relations
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsMiddle EastPolitical scienceChinaState (computer science)LegislationEconomic historyEast AsiaGeographyLawHistory
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

U.S. Nonproliferation Strategy for the Changing Middle East, available for download above, is a 154-page book which provides rigorous analysis and specific recommendations for how to improve U.S. efforts to stop the proliferation (spread) of weapons of mass destruction (nuclear, chemical and biological) in the Middle East (defined to include North Africa). Published on January 14, 2013, the book was co-authored -- in their personal capacities -- by David Albright, President of the Institute for Science and International Security; Mark Dubowitz, Executive Director of the Foundation for Defense of Democracies; Orde Kittrie, Professor of Law at Arizona State University; Leonard Spector, Deputy Director of the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies; and Michael Yaffe, Professor at the National Defense University. The book received coverage from over one hundred media outlets worldwide including outlets in the following 30 countries: Argentina, Azerbaijan, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Greece, India, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, Lebanon, Malaysia, Maldives, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Romania, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Switzerland, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Vietnam. Many of the book's recommendations called for specific changes to U.S. and international law. Several of the recommended changes to U.S. law have already been adopted into Congressional legislation. Senator Jeanne Shaheen (D-N.H.), in her Congressional Record statement introducing S. 1021, the “Next Generation Cooperative Threat Reduction Act of 2013,” graciously offered “special thanks to the Co-Chairs of the Project on U.S. Middle East Nonproliferation Strategy, including David Albright, Mark Dubowitz, Orde Kittrie, Leonard Spector and Michael Yaffe, whose report, ‘U.S. Nonproliferation Strategy for the Changing Middle East,’ served as the inspiration for this legislation.” Senator Shaheen’s bill was signed into law on December 26, 2013 as Section 1304 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014. In addition, several of the book's recommendations on sanctions were adopted in the Nuclear Iran Prevention Act of 2013, which unanimously passed the House Committee on Foreign Affairs on May 22, 2013. The book contains rigorous analysis and dozens of specific recommendations arranged in chapters focused on: 1) preventing Iran from acquiring a nuclear weapon, 2) stopping potential proliferation by countries (other than Iran) in the changing Middle East, 3) preventing potential proliferation by Middle Eastern terrorists, 4) improving cooperative nonproliferation programs applicable to the Middle East, and 5) enhancing U.S. collaboration with Europe to prevent proliferation in the Middle East. The non-partisan Project on U.S. Middle East Nonproliferation Strategy, which issued the book, is co-chaired by the book’s co-authors -- Albright, Dubowitz, Kittrie, Spector, and Yaffe. The Project convened five not-for-attribution roundtables in 2012 at which leading experts from the U.S. government, think tanks, and academia discussed how to more effectively address Middle East nonproliferation challenges and opportunities in light of regional developments including Iran’s advancing nuclear program, the turmoil in Syria (with its massive chemical arsenal), the replacement of an Egyptian government which had rejected a nuclear option, and the rise of inexperienced and Islamist parties in Egypt and elsewhere. Many of the book’s recommendations were drawn from or inspired by the roundtable discussions. However, they are attributable only to the Project co-chairs, in their personal capacities.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.003
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.005
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.032
Threshold uncertainty score0.066

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0030.005
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.001
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0060.003
Scholarly communication0.0100.006
Open science0.0010.004
Research integrity0.0100.009
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0200.009

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.048
GPT teacher head0.227
Teacher spread0.179 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations2
Published2013
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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