Dynamics of fish in Australian desert springs: role of large‐mammal disturbance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Human activities affect even the most remote and best preserved places on Earth. One of those places is Dalhousie Springs, Witjira National Park, in the arid centre of Australia. In 2003 we resurveyed the fish communities in springs to document changes since an earlier survey in 1991. Over the 12 years there were 18 population extirpations and only two colonizations, so total occurrences of five native species in 30 springs decreased from 83 to 67 populations. One species, the endemic Dalhousie goby, Chlamydogobius gloveri , accounted for 12 of the 18 population extirpations. Each fish species tended to persist in springs larger than some threshold size. Extirpations were related to spring size, with smaller springs more readily loosing populations, and to major habitat changes, which included large increases in the tropical reed Phragmites and concomitant decreases in open water, disturbed habitats, and dissolved oxygen. Extirpations of fish populations can be attributed primarily to habitat changes associated with reduced disturbance and herbivory as a result of the removal of feral livestock. These changes highlight the keystone impacts of large mammals on habitats and biotas of desert springs, and should be considered in management practices and policy decisions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".