Increasing Incidence of Adenocarcinoma of the Gastroesophageal Junction and Distal Stomach in Canada – An Epidemiological Study from 1964 to 2002
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The increasing incidence of esophageal and proximal gastric (cardia) adenocarcinoma and the decreasing incidence of distal gastric (antropyloric) adenocarcinoma has been documented in several populations. The aim of the present study was to examine incidence trends of these neoplasms in Ontario, Canada's most populous province, over a 39-year period. METHODS: Analyses were based on data obtained from the Ontario Cancer Registry of Cancer Care Ontario. Number of cases and rates per 100,000 age-adjusted to the 1996 Canadian standard, were obtained for all esophageal and gastric carcinoma cases reported between 1964 and 2002. Rates were grouped into five-year periods to analyze trends over the 39-year period. Point and 95% CI estimates of average annual percentage change in incidence rates were calculated with a log-linear regression model. RESULTS: The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus increased in men and women (average annual increase of 9.5% in men; 4.3% in women). The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the cardia increased in men and women (average annual increase of 7.3% in men; 5.8% in women). The incidence of antropyloric adenocarcinoma increased in men and women (average annual increase of 4.4% in men; 5.3% in women). The incidence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma remained stable. CONCLUSIONS: There has been a significant increase in the incidence of adenocarcinoma around the gastroesophageal junction in men over the 39-year study period. The increase in incidence of distal gastric adenocarcinoma is unexpected and may relate to a reclassification phenomenon, immigration trends in Ontario and a rising incidence of diffuse/signet ring cell adenocarcinoma.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".