Group Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy: Motor and Functional Outcomes in Individuals with Stroke
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Strokes frequently cause limitations of the upper extremity and in performance of activities of daily living (ADL). Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is designed to enhance the use of the hemiplegic arm. Purpose To assess the effects of group CIMT on upper-extremity motor function and performance level of motor and process skills for instrumental activities in daily living (IADL) in community-dwelling individuals whose stroke occurred at least six months earlier. Methods Eight adults with stroke participated in this study. Group-based CIMT was administered for two weeks, five times per week, with two-hour intensive daily training. Findings The Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) score and the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) scores improved after intervention. Implications The results of this study suggest that relatively brief group-based CIMT may be an effective intervention for improving motor function of the affected upper-limb and the level of IADL in individuals who have had stroke.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".