Quantitative Evaluation of the Effects of Moisture Distribution on Enzyme-Induced Acylation of Trehalose in Reduced-Moisture Organic Media
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Enzymatic condensation of trehalose and myristic acid in organic media (2-methyl-2-butanol and acetone) with reduced moisture content was evaluated. Monomyristoyl trehalose was synthesized using immobilized lipase B from Candida antarctica (Novozym® 435). The product yield was significantly affected by process parameters, such as the initial moisture content in organic media, as well as in immobilized enzymes, and the added concentration of molecular sieves. Up to 25% yield of monomyristoyl trehalose could be attained, depending on the process. The experimental setup used in this study consisted of a multiphase component, i.e., Novozym® 435, an organic solvent, and molecular sieves. Moisture adsorbed either onto immobilized enzymes, or molecular sieves, and free moisture content in the organic solvent were characterized using individual experiments. The relationship between process parameters and the quantitative moisture distribution in the system was also investigated. The results presented in this paper indicates that a process design considering moisture distribution in the reaction system is important for understanding the effect of moisture on the reaction as well as for optimizing the process parameters.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".