Consequences of circadian fluctuations in water temperature on the standard metabolic rate of Atlantic salmon parr (<i>Salmo salar</i>)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fish that inhabit rivers may experience important daily fluctuations in water temperature. Bioenergetic models have the potential to simulate the effects of such fluctuations on fish growth; however, bioenergetic components are traditionally modeled using fish kept at constant water temperatures. This study tested the hypothesis that circadian fluctuations in water temperature increase the standard metabolic rate of fish. The standard metabolic rate of Atlantic salmon parr (Salmo salar; 5.96–36.20 g wet blotted mass) estimated at 20 ± 0.5 °C was 25% to 32% lower for fish held at a relatively constant water temperature (20.2 ± 0.5 °C) than for fish maintained under fluctuating thermal regimes (19.8 ± 2.0 °C; 19.5 ± 3.0 °C). This study suggests that a rise in standard metabolic rate may explain how temperature fluctuations affect fish growth. It also indicates that the traditional approach used to estimate and model components of the bioenergetic equation may substantially underestimate the standard metabolic rate of fish that are subjected to such fluctuations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".