Bibliographic record
Abstract
Conception of software-defined radio Conception of software-defined radio (SDR) started in the early 1990s, and has now become a core technology for future-generation wireless communications. In 1997, the U.S. DoD recommended replacing its 200 families of radio systems with a single family of SDRs in the programmable modular communications system (PMCS) guideline document. An architecture outlined in this document includes a list of radio functions, hardware and software component categories, and design rules. The ultimate objective of SDR is to configure a radio platform like a freely programmable computer so that it can adapt to any typical air interface by using an appropriate programming interface. SDR is targeted to implement all kinds of air interfaces and signal processing functions using software in one device. It is the basis of the 3G and 4G wireless communications. Proliferation of wireless standards has created the dramatic need for an MS architecture that supports multiband, multimode, and multistandard low-power radio communications and wireless networking. SDR has become the best solution. By using a unified hardware platform, the user needs only to download software of a radio and run it, and immediately shift to a new radio standard for a different environment. The download of the software can be over the air or via a smart card. For example, several wireless LAN standards, including IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15, Bluetooth, and HomeRF, use the 2.4 GHz ISM band, and they can be implemented in one SDR system.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.008 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".