Cultural Heritage Issues: The Legacy of Conquest, Colonization and Commerce
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Preface and Acknowledgments James A.R. Nafziger and Ann M. Nicgorski About the Editors and Authors Introduction James A.R. Nafziger and Ann M. Nicgorski Part I: Legacy of Indigenous Conquest Chapter 1. Who Controls Native Cultural Heritage?: Art, Artifacts, and the Right to Cultural Survival Rebecca Tsosie Chapter 2. Protection and Repatriation of Indigenous Cultural Heritage in the United States James A.R. Nafziger Chapter 3. Repatriation of Cultural Material to First Nations in Canada: Legal and Ethical JustificationsCatherine Bell Chapter 4. Taonga Maori Renaissance: Protecting the Cultural Heritage of Aotearoa/New Zealand Robert K. Paterson Part II: Legacy of International Conquest and Colonization Chapter 5. Cultural Heritage Law: Recent Developments in the Laws of War and Occupation Sabine von Schorlemer Chapter 6. Unraveling History: Return of African Cultural Objects Repatriated and Looted in Colonial Times Folarin Shyllon Chapter 7. Colonization and Its Effect on the Cultural Property of Libya Nancy C. Wilkie Chapter 8. Legal and Illegal Acquisition of Antiquities in Iraq, 19th Century to 2003 McGuire Gibson Chapter 9. German Archaeological Institute's Protection of Cultural Heritage in Iraq and Elsewhere in the Middle East Margarete van Ess Part III: Protecting Cultural Heritage Today and Tomorrow (Keynote Lectures) Chapter 10. Whose Culture Is It, Anyway? Kwame Anthony Appiah Chapter 11. Thieves of Baghdad: The Search for Iraq's Stolen Heritage Colonel Matthew Bogdanos Part IV: Legacy of Commerce in the Framework of International Law Chapter 12. Mythology of the Antiquities Market Ricardo J. Elia Chapter 13. UNESCO International Framework for the Protection of the Cultural Heritage Lyndel V. Prott Chapter 14. 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage Tullio Scovazzi Chapter 15. Increasing Effectiveness of the Legal Regime for the Protection of the International Archaeological Heritage Patty Gerstenblith Part V: Role of Governments Chapter 16. Preservation of Cultural Heritage: A Tool of International Public DiplomacyMaria P. Kouroupas Chapter 17. Culture and Development: The Role of Governments in Protecting and Promoting Culture Anastasia Telesetsky Part VI: Avoidance and Resolution of Cultural Heritage Disputes Chapter 18. Recovery of Art Looted During the Holocaust Lawrence M. Kaye Chapter 19. Resolving Material Culture Disputes: Human Rights, Property Rights, and Crimes Against Humanity Robert K. Paterson Chapter 20. Using UNIDROIT to Avoid Cultural Heritage Disputes: Limitation Periods Patrick O'Keefe Part VII: Museums and Sites Chapter 21. Provenance Research: Litigation and the Responsibility of Museums Lawrence M. Kaye Chapter 22. Museums as Sites of Reconciliation Claire L. Lyons Index.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.012 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.021 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".