Structural, dielectric, and multiferroic properties of (Bi<sub>0.5</sub>K<sub>0.5</sub>)(Fe<sub>0.5</sub>Nb<sub>0.5</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A polycrystalline sample of (Bi 0.5 K 0.5 )(Fe 0.5 Nb 0.5 )O 3 was prepared using a mixed oxide at 1000 °C. The preliminary structural analysis using X-ray diffraction data of the compound indicates the formation of a single-phase rhombohedral structure similar to that of parent BiFeO 3 . Microstructural and elemental analysis using a scanning electron micrograph and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, respectively, were carried out at room temperature with higher magnification exhibiting a uniform distribution of grains and stoichiometry. The appearance of hysteresis loops (P–E) confirms the existence of ferroelectricity of the sample with a high remnant polarization of (2P r ) 17.76 μCcm −2 . Using impedance spectroscopy, the electrical properties of the material were investigated at a wide range of temperature (25–500 °C) and frequencies (1 kHz – 1 MHz) suggesting dielectric non-Debye-type relaxation in the material. The nature of the Nyquist plot ([Formula: see text] ∼ [Formula: see text]) shows the dominance of the grain contribution in the impedance. The bulk resistance of the compound decreases with increasing temperature, like that of a semiconductor, which shows a negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) behavior. The frequency dependence of AC conductivity suggests that that the material obeys Jonscher’s power law. Magnetic hysteresis (M–H) loop shows very weak ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".