Asymbiotic germination of mature seeds and protocorm development of<i>Pseudorchis albida</i>(Orchidaceae) are inhibited by nitrates even at extremely low concentrations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Orchidaceae is one of the most endangered plant families, and in vitro propagation techniques play an irreplaceable role in its conservation. While some orchids germinate readily in asymbiotic conditions in vitro, many are reluctant for no obvious reason. The latter group includes Pseudorchis albida, a green terrestrial orchid whose populations are in considerable decline throughout its distribution range. We tested a wide spectrum of cultivation media designed for other terrestrial orchids to identify key components for P. albida mature seed germination and protocorm development. Specifically, we focused on nitrate concentrations and the presence or absence of trehalose, sucrose, and kinetin. Nitrates strongly inhibited both germination and protocorm development, even at surprisingly low concentrations (2 mg NO 3 − ·dm −3 ). Trehalose inhibited seed germination but slightly promoted protocorm development. The highest germination rates were obtained on media containing both kinetin and sucrose and no nitrates, while the fastest protocorm development occurred on media lacking kinetin. Our results imply that even very low nitrogen depositions in natural populations of P. albida may inhibit its recruitment and might therefore represent one of the major causes of the decline of P. albida.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".