An Observation of the Overwintering Aquatic Insects in a Prairie Pond in Saskatchewan, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In temperate regions freshwater insects annually face the challenge of surviving the winter months or otherwise perishing. Ice formation presents a substantial danger to all life stages, from the eggs to adults. Accordingly, some species have adapted to overwinter within ice and emerge during the spring thaw. The diversity of aquatic species encased in the ice and frozen sediment of a prairie pond in Saskatchewan, Canada and their survival rate upon thawing was assessed in the winter of 2013. A total of 164 specimens were retrieved from the ice and sediment, 73 of which survived after thawing. Survival rate was greatest for Cymatia americana (Corixidae, Hemiptera) at 79.6%. Corixids were found in distinct clusters encased in pond ice, a phenomenon not well documented in previous literature. A higher rate of survival was expected among the chironomids, although the value falls within ranges observed in previous studies. Additionally, members of other taxa including Notonectidae (Hemiptera), Haliplidae (Coleoptera), Ceratopogonidae (Diptera), and Coenagrionidae (Odonata) were recovered; however, these specimens exhibited much lower rates of survival.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".