Infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells into the post‐ischaemic myocardium is dependent on β2 and α4 integrins
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) are believed to be important effector cells responsible the myocardial damage seen following ischaemia. However, the exact kinetics of their migration remains controversial. Isolated PMN (10 x 10(6) cells) labelled with (51)Cr were injected into four groups of Lewis rats: 0 h (T0h; n = 13), 2 h (T2h; n = 7), 4 h (T4h; n = 7) or 6 h following ischaemia (T6h; n = 4). In all recipients, a left thoracotomy and ligation of the left anterior descending coronary was performed. Control animals underwent sham thoracotomy (n = 10). All animals were killed at 24 h and the radioactivity in the tissue measured to estimate labelled PMN migration. Monoclonal antibody blockade was also performed in experimental animals to assess the contribution of beta2 and alpha4 integrins to the PMN migration (n = 32). Labelled PMN migration to the myocardium was similar in all experimental groups, T0-T6h (7.2-11 x 10(5) labelled PMN) and significantly higher than sham controls (2.2 x 10(5) labelled PMN; P = 0.03). In contrast PMN migration to dermal inflammatory sites was highest in T0h group, and reached background level in the T4h and T6h groups. beta2 integrin blockade inhibited labelled PMN migration by 32%. Blockade of alpha4 integrin inhibited PMN migration by 30% while the combined beta2 + alpha4 blockade resulted in 63% inhibition of labelled PMN migration compared to treatment with isotype control antibody (P = 0.035). PMN migration following myocardial ischaemia persists over several hours after myocardial infarction and does not follow similar migration kinetics to dermal inflammation. Our findings also suggest that PMN migration is dependent equally on beta2 and alpha4 integrins.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".