Effects of prior exercise on insulin‐mediated and noninsulin‐mediated glucose uptake in horses during a hyperglycaemic clamp
Bibliographic record
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: There is limited information about factors regulating glucose utilisation post exercise in horses. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of a single bout of moderate intensity exercise on measures of insulin-mediated (IMGU) and noninsulin-mediated (NIMGU) glucose uptake during a hyperglycaemic clamp (HC). METHODS: Hyperglycaemic clamps were administered in random order to 8 Standardbreds under 4 conditions: 1) rest, insulinopenia (R-L); 2) rest, hyperinsulinaemia (R-H); 3) post exercise (45 min at ∼ 50% VO2peak), insulinopenia (Ex-L) and 4) post exercise, hyperinsulinaemia (Ex-H). In the R-L and Ex-L trials, somatostatin was infused to suppress insulin secretion and induce insulinopenia. After 30 min, a 2 h HC was initiated with plasma glucose concentrations maintained at ∼ 10 mmol/l by variable glucose infusion. In R-H and Ex-H, regular insulin (1.0 mu/kg bwt/min) was also administered to induce physiological hyperinsulinaemia. Serum insulin and C-peptide concentrations were measured in samples obtained at 10 min intervals. Glucose uptake was calculated from mean glucose infusion rate (GIR) during the last 60 min of the HC. RESULTS: In all HCs C-peptide remained below baseline concentrations, evidence of suppression of insulin secretion by somatostatin. Overall, mean ± s.e. insulin concentrations during the final 60 min of the HC in R-L and Ex-L were 5.7 ± 1.1 and 6.9 ± 1.9 mu/l respectively, and corresponding values in R-H and Ex-H were 64.1 ± 11.1 and 61.2 ± 10.9 mu/l. Prior exercise affected IMGU but not NIMGU. Over the final 60 min of the HC, mean GIR was higher (P < 0.001) in Ex-H (5.6 ± 1.1 mg/kg bwt/min) than in R-H (3.3 ± 0.9 mg/kg bwt/min), whereas mean GIR did not differ (P = 0.26) between R-L (1.2 ± 0.3 mg/kg bwt/min) and Ex-L (1.8 ± 0.5 mg/kg bwt/min). CONCLUSIONS: A single bout of moderate intensity exercise increased glucose uptake during a hyperglycaemic clamp under hyperinsulinaemic conditions but not under somatostatin-induced insulinopenia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".