The heat increment of feeding and its thermoregulatory implications in the short-tailed shrew (<i>Blarina brevicauda</i>)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The nature and potential thermoregulatory benefits of the heat increment of feeding (HIF) were investigated in short-tailed shrews (Blarina brevicauda). At thermoneutrality, the postprandial rate of oxygen consumption ([Formula: see text]O2) of shrews increased by an average of 18% beyond fasting levels for ca. 2 h following the consumption of 3.5 g of earthworms. Over the same period, body temperature increased by an average of 0.6 °C. The digesta-retention time calculated from nickel alloy tracer excretion rates (168.1 ± 11.4 min (mean ± SE); n = 7) exceeded the duration of HIF (117.5 ± 10.4 min; n = 6) by 43%. This finding suggests that the mechanical costs of feeding may be a relatively mi nor component of HIF in this species. Regression of resting [Formula: see text]O2on ambient temperature (Ta) below thermo neutrality yielded similar slopes (P = 0.71) and intercepts (P = 0.33) for fed and fasted animals, suggesting that HIF substitutes, at least partially, for facultative thermogenesis at low Ta. We found no evidence that HIF enhanced microclimate warming of an insulated, open-flow metabolic chamber occupied by recently fed shrews. Occupancy of this chamber by shrews increased microclimate Tafrom 5 to 9.09.5 °C regardless of their nutritional status.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".