Fungal populations in roots and crowns of common and durum wheat in Saskatchewan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A survey of fungal populations in discolored subcrown internodes and crown or lower-culm tissue of common and durum wheat was conducted throughout Saskatchewan in 1998 and 1999. The fungus with the highest percentage of isolation, and found in the greatest number of fields, was Bipolaris sorokiniana, followed by Microdochium bolleyi and the Fusarium spp. associated with fusarium head blight. Fusarium graminearum was isolated at low frequencies, and only in eastern areas of the province affected by fusarium head blight. Bipolaris sorokiniana appeared to be favoured in the drier Brown soil zone, whereas Fusarium spp. were in general found at higher levels in the Dark-Brown and Black or Dark-Gray soil zones. Despite marked environmental differences between the 2 years of this study, there were no consistent differences between years in the presence of the most commonly isolated fungi, and the ranking of fungi based on their isolation frequency. There was a negative correlation between isolations of B. sorokiniana and each of the Fusarium spp., whereas the severity of discoloration in crowns or lower culms was positively correlated with the presence of Fusarium spp. in 1999. In some cases, Fusarium spp. were more commonly isolated from durum than common wheat. This is the first time that Fusarium spp. in underground and crown cereal tissue is identified to the species level across Saskatchewan. Based on the levels of Fusarium spp. found in subcrown internodes and crowns or lower culms, it is suggested that the role played by these infected plant parts in the epidemiology of fusarium head blight in Saskatchewan be examined
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".