Genotyping of infectious bronchitis viruses identified in Canada between 2000 and 2013
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was detected in 185 samples originating from chicken flocks of various commodity groups in Canada. Flocks with clinical signs such as respiratory challenge, sudden death, egg production problems, or nephropathogenic conditions, and randomly selected flocks sampled at slaughter as part of an Ontario broiler surveillance project, were included. Most samples were from Ontario and Québec; however, a small number from British Columbia, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland and Labrador were also analysed. The nucleotide sequence of the spike (S) protein gene was compared with sequences available in GenBank. Based on their S gene sequence similarities, Canadian IBVs could be divided into nine genotypes belonging to four groups: Canadian variant virus, strain Qu_mv; the classic, vaccine-like viruses, Connecticut and Massachusetts; US variant-like virus strains, California 1734/04, California 99, CU_82792, Pennsylvania 1220/98 and Pennsylvania Wolg/98; and non-Canadian, non-US virus, strain 4/91. Based on the field situation, the effectiveness of current vaccination practices mostly based on Massachusetts and Connecticut-type vaccines appeared generally satisfactory for minimizing the damage due to infection with Canadian variant and US variant-like viruses. However, the recent outbreaks of severe respiratory disease and production problems in Ontario chicken flocks related to the incursion of IBV strain 4/91 were not prevented by standard vaccination protocols. It appears that IBV strain 4/91 has now become endemic in Ontario and the need for 4/91-type vaccines must be evaluated.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it