Monolithically Integrated Optical Microfluidic Chip by Single Step Lithography and Etching for Detection of Fluorophore Tagged Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin (rbST)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An optical microfluidic sensor is developed on silica-on-silicon planar waveguide by using a novel single step lithography and etching of silicon dioxide layers deposited on silicon wafer. The proposed sensor consists of a multiple waveguide system designed with optical couplers of S-bends integrated with microfluidic channel on silicon-on-silicon. The microfluidics channel is bonded with PDMS having the refractive index lower than the core of the waveguide, hence the PDMS layer acts both as the sealing layer and top cladding of the silica-on-silicon waveguide. The fluorescence detection efficiency of the device is demonstrated with laser induced fluorescence detection of Alexa-647 tagged recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST). The lowest concentration of rbST that could be detected by the proposed lab-on-a-chip is as low as 120 ng/ml. Further, the sensitivity of the monolithically integrated single waveguide and multiple waveguides are compared for the fluorescence detection of the rbST.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".