Bibliographic record
Abstract
Canadian officials in mid-January publicized another case of mad cow disease, formally known as bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). This report came on the heels of an announcement by the Bush administration that importing Canadian beef would soon be allowed, reversing an earlier ban put in place when the first case of mad cow disease in Canada was announced in May 2003. The news is frightening to many, since eating the contaminated meat can cause variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, a human form of the brain wasting sickness. Fueling this fear is a report that under certain conditions, prions – which are rogue molecules responsible for causing these diseases – can replicate in organs thought to be prion-free and safe to eat. In the report, published in the January 20 online issue of Science (1), Adriano Aguzzi and colleagues found prions in the liver, kidney, and pancreas of mice infected with a form of prion disease. It was thought that prions only inhabited an animal's brain, spinal cord, and immune system, organs that are removed from the animals before the meat is imported. The new study blurs the line between risky and safe organs and reinforces the need for beefing up inspection of animals in the food chain. Speaking to the JCI, Aguzzi warned that “BSE surveillance in the US is rudimentary.” Fortunately, the results are no cause for alarm, since the chances of contracting prion disease, only seen once in the US, are so low that a major epidemic of the human form of mad cow is very unlikely.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.014 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.009 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".