Regional variation in wood specific gravity of planted loblolly pine in the United States
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda L.) is the most important plantation species in the southeastern United States and specific gravity (SG) is its most important wood quality trait. Analysis of annual ring SG of breast height (1.37 m) increment cores from 3957 trees representing 147 plantations across the species natural range showed that ring SG increases with increasing age and varies significantly among physiographic regions. The South Atlantic and Gulf regions had the highest ring SGs, while the Hilly and Piedmont regions had the lowest. Based on ring SG, the juvenile period averages 4.3 years, followed by 8.6 years of transition wood, with mature wood produced by year 13. Whole-core mean SG was significantly higher in the South Atlantic (0.486) compared with the other regions (mean = 0.455), which were not statistically different from each other. Trees from the South Atlantic have significantly higher whole-core SG because they contain significantly more latewood (40.1%) compared with trees growing in other regions (33.8%). Maps indicate that stands in the South Atlantic and Gulf regions have the highest SG at a given age. Stands growing on the northern and western fringe of the natural range of loblolly pine have the lowest whole-core SG.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".