Evolution of Residual Stresses Induced during Curing Processing Using a Viscoelastic Micromechanical Model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effect of viscoelasticity of matrix material on the evolution of processing- induced residual stresses in [0/90] glass fiber/epoxy cross-ply laminate has been investigated by a finite element micromechanical model. The micromechanical model is based on a periodic array of continuous fibers embedded in an epoxy matrix. The epoxy matrix is represented by a nonlinear viscoelastic model. The finite element residual stress analysis indicates that a higher cooling rate results in higher initial residual stresses in the laminate. However, the residual stress relaxes with time and tends to an asymptotic small value independent of the cooling rate. The effect of free edge surface on the generation of residual stresses is also investigated, and it is found that they are significantly different from those in the interior region. Although the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) for the individual constituents (glass fiber and epoxy matrix) are constant, the CTE for composite, on the other hand, is initially time-dependent due to the mismatch constraint and approaches an asymptotic value after a long stress relaxation period.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".