<i>Undifilum</i>, a new genus for endophytic<i>Embellisia oxytropis</i>and parasitic<i>Helminthosporium bornmuelleri</i>on legumes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fungal endophytes of Oxytropis kansuensis Bunge from China, previously described as Embellisia oxytropis Q. Wang, Nagao & Kakish, and endophytes of Oxytropis sericea Nutt. and Oxytropis lambertii Pursh from the United States were compared and are reported here as conspecific members of a new genus in the Pleosporaceae, Undifilum, based on morphological and molecular analyses. Morphological comparisons revealed characters that are similar to those of the genus Embellisia including conidia ovate to obclavate to long ellipsoid, straight or slightly to decidedly inequilateral with occasionally one or two cells distinctly swollen, and transepta occasionally thickened, dark, and rigid in comparison with the exterior conidium wall. However, upon germination, conidia produced unique and diagnostic germ tubes that were wavy or undulating in their growth until branching. Moreover, all isolates were found to produce the toxic alkaloid swainsonine. Parsimony analysis of sequences from ITS1–5.8S–ITS2, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene, and mitochondrial small subunit rDNA data sets revealed that the Oxytropis endophytes formed a clade distinct from other Embellisia species and species in the genera Alternaria , Ulocladium , Nimbya , and Crivellia . A second taxon, Helminthosporium bornmuelleri P. Magnus, was reexamined and found to possess similar morphological features to those of the Oxytropis isolates, but lacked swainsonine production. Sequence analysis placed this second taxon in the same clade with high bootstrap support. The distinct morphology and genetics of these taxa demonstrates that these fungi, both recovered from legumes, represent a new genus, hereinafter described as Undifilum . The two species now placed in this genus are redescribed as Undifilium oxytropis and Undifilium bornmuelleri .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".