Surface Runoff and Its Erosion Energy in a Partially Continuous System: An Ecological Hydraulic Model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Plant community and ground surface form a partially continuous ecosystem in conveying surface runoff and its erosion energy. It is one of the mechanisms for maintaining the stable development of a partially continuous ecosystem that the plant community and ground surface dissipate the erosion energy produced by surface runoff so as to control the soil erosion process of the ecosystem. Based on the energy fundamentals of hydraulics and by idealizing the structure of plant community, we obtain an ecological hydraulic model in this paper through a series of mathematical deductions, which includes three equations: (1) the equation on approaching energy balance of surface runoff moving across plant community and ground surface; (2) the equation on the process of dissipating energy of surface runoff by plant community and ground surface in an ecosystem; (3) the equation on the relationship among the pattern of plant community, ground surface and energy dissipation of surface runoff. Theoretically, the ecological hydraulic model can be used to calculate the dynamical process of energy dissipation of surface runoff by plant community and ground surface in a partially continuous ecosystem and to discuss the optimization of plant community pattern in a given section of the ecosystem.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".