Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A numerical modeling procedure was developed, using the finite-elementsimulator ABAQUS/Standard, to predict the local buckling and post-bucklingresponse of high strength pipelines subject to combined state of loading. Thenumerical procedures were validated using test data from large-scaleexperiments examining the pure bending and local buckling of high strengthlinepipe. The numerical simulations were consistent with the measuredexperimental response for predicting the peak moment, strain capacity, deformation mechanism and local buckling response well into the post-yieldrange. A parametric study on the local buckling response of high strength plainpipelines was conducted. The influence of pipe diameter to wall thickness ratio(D/t of 40, 60 and 80), pipe segment length to diameter ratio (L/D of 3.5, 5, 7and 12), yield strength to tensile strength ratio (Y/T of 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9) andinitial geometric imperfections on the local buckling response was examined. The loading conditions included internal pressure and end rotation. Mechanicalresponse parameters examined included moment-curvature, ovalization, localstrain and modal response.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".