A snap-shot of Mannheimia hemolyticaA1 gene expression during infection in the bovine host
Bibliographic record
Abstract
It is expected that Mannheimia hemolytica A1 expresses a particular collection of genes during infection in the host. The bacterial gene products are produced in the in vivo environment to facilitate growth and survival. Here, we examined gene expression by M. hemolytica A1 in the bovine host after 6 days of infection. Total RNA from M. hemolytica A1 recovered from pneumonic lungs of two animals was used to produce cDNA to screen a custom M. hemolytica A1 microarray. The expression profile was compared to a RNA sample from an in vitro grown culture. The data showed that 44 genes were differentially expressed by more than eightfold when compared with the in vitro sample. Seventeen genes were found to have higher expression in vivo and 27 genes had lower expression. Several virulence-associated genes including those encoding leukotoxin, a capsule biosynthetic enzyme and the serotype-specific antigen, Ssa, had reduced expression, suggesting that their products may not be important during the later stages of infection. Most of the genes up-regulated in vivo encoded hypothetical or conserved hypothetical proteins. Three Mu-like bacteriophage-related genes were up-regulated in the in vivo sample, suggesting that the prophage may be transcriptionally active. The results provide a glimpse of gene expression by the bacterium in the host after pulmonary infection has been established.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".