Sulfonation of poly(ether ether ketone)(PEEK): Kinetic study and characterization
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Hydrophobic poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) were modified by sulfonation at different temperatures (22, 36, 45, and 55°C) and varying period of time with concentrated sulfuric acid used as solvent. A kinetic study was carried out based on the assumption that sulfonation reaction is a second‐order reaction, which takes place preferentially in the aromatic ring between the two ether (O) links (the first type substitution), and there is only one substituent attached to each repeat unit of the PEEK before the complete substitution of this preferred aromatic ring. More than 100% substitution was observed in experiment. All the data with substitution degree less than 95% agree fairly well with the kinetic behavior of the second‐order reaction. The reaction rate coefficient and activation energy for first type substitution were obtained. The sulfonated PEEK samples were characterized in terms of ion‐exchange capacity (IEC), 1 H‐NMR, contact angle, and solubility. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 2651–2660, 2001
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it