Effects of temperature on rust development on mint infected with strains of <i>Puccinia menthae</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two principal groups of races of Puccinia menthae occur on mint. One infects native spearmint but not peppermint and is called native spearmint rust; the other infects peppermint but not native spearmint and is called peppermint rust. High summer temperatures are thought to be a limiting factor for rust development on peppermint. The effects of temperature on germination of urediniospores and length of germ tubes of native spearmint and peppermint rust isolates, and on length of latent period when host species were infected with respective isolates, were determined. Percent spore germination and length of germ tubes were significantly greater for the native spearmint isolate than the peppermint isolates; development of both types of rust isolates significantly decreased as temperature increased from 18° to 30 °C. Regression coefficients did not differ between the two types of rust for either percent germination or length of germ tubes. Length of latent period did not differ between isolates of native spearmint and peppermint rust at 18 °C and 23 °C, but latent period was significantly shorter for the native spearmint isolate than peppermint isolates at 28 °C. The increased germination, growth of germ tubes and shorter latent period for native spearmint isolates infecting native spearmint would favour the rust development in relatively warm environments. Conversely, peppermint rust would be disfavoured in increasingly warm environments, further explaining its limitation in high temperature environments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".