MRI volumetry of the thalamus in temporal, extratemporal, and idiopathic generalized epilepsy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the specificity of thalamic atrophy in epilepsy. METHODS: Thalamic volume measurements were carried out using high-resolution MRI in 40 patients with pharmacologically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), 16 patients with extratemporal lobe epilepsy (ETE), and 17 with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). Thalamic volumes of patients were compared with those of 21 neurologically normal control subjects. Volumes were correlated with duration of epilepsy. The effect of prolonged febrile seizures and generalized seizures on thalamic volumes was examined. RESULTS: Compared with normal control subjects, patients with TLE had a reduction in thalamic volume ipsilateral to the seizure focus. Thalamic volumes in patients with ETE and IGE were not significantly different from those of normal control subjects. In TLE patients, thalamic volumes ipsilateral to the seizure focus were negatively correlated with duration of epilepsy. Patients with a history of prolonged febrile seizures had more severe thalamic atrophy ipsilateral to the seizure focus than those without febrile seizures. CONCLUSIONS: Thalamic atrophy ipsilateral to the seizure focus is found in TLE but not in other forms of focal epilepsy or IGE. In TLE, thalamic atrophy is correlated with duration of disease. Patients with a history of prolonged febrile seizures had smaller thalamic volumes ipsilateral to the seizure focus than those without.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".