Hydro-Québec and the Crees: the challenges of being accountable to First Nations - case and teaching notes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This case highlights various phases in four decades of relations between Hydro-Québec, a provincial utility, and the Crees, a First Nation living mainly in northern Quebec, progressing from conflicts and impasse to accountability. It highlights two processes: 1) the stages in the relational process between a company and a community from the perspective of a social license to operate at the interorganisational level; 2) management accounting processes, which translate into corporate commitments and agreements concerning accountability and transparency. The major purpose of this case is to provide material (background) for discussion on how a company can improve its corporate social responsibility by enhancing transparency and accountability towards its stakeholders. This case illustrates how Hydro-Québec has used accountability mechanisms such as voluntary and mandatory disclosure, environmental impact measurement and assessment, and compensation to engage with the First Nations and to build a long-term reciprocity-based relationship with them.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.021 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".