Partitioning of reactive atmospheric nitrogen oxides at an elevated site in southern Quebec, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Measurements of the major reactive nitrogen oxides including NO, NO2, HNO3, particulate nitrate, PAN, and NOy, as well as O3 and supporting meteorology, were made at an elevated site (845 masl) in the rural eastern townships of Quebec, Canada, from February 1998 to October 1999. NOx (and NOy) mixing ratios exhibited a distinct seasonal cycle with median NOx levels in winter more than a factor of 4 greater than in summer. Seasonal partitioning indicated that NOx was the dominant fraction of NOy during winter (>70%), with HNO3 and PAN fractions of <18 and 9%, respectively. The NOy reservoir in summer consisted of average contributions from NOx, HNO3, and PAN of 35, 20–25, and 13%, respectively. A NOy deficit of the order of 25–30% was observed during spring and summer that could not be explained by measurement uncertainties or potential interferences. It is possible that there were other reactive nitrogen species in the atmosphere that were not separately measured that contributed to the NOy deficit. Indications are that these compounds were photochemically produced and present in highly processed air masses.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".