The Pleckstrin Homology Domain of CK2 Interacting Protein-1 Is Required for Interactions and Recruitment of Protein Kinase CK2 to the Plasma Membrane
Bibliographic record
Abstract
CKIP-1 is a recently identified interaction partner of protein kinase CK2 with a number of protein-protein interaction motifs, including an N-terminal pleckstrin homology domain. To test the hypothesis that CKIP-1 has a role in targeting CK2 to specific locations, we examined the effects of CKIP-1 on the localization of CK2. These studies demonstrated that CKIP-1 can recruit CK2 to the plasma membrane. Furthermore, the pleckstrin homology domain of CKIP-1 was found to be required for interactions with CK2 and for the recruitment of CK2 to the plasma membrane. In this regard, point mutations in this domain abolish membrane localization and compromise interactions with CK2. In addition, replacement of the pleckstrin homology domain with a myristoylation signal was insufficient to elicit any interaction with CK2. An investigation of the lipid binding of CKIP-1 reveals that it has broad specificity. A comparison with other pleckstrin homology domains revealed that the pleckstrin homology domain of CKIP-1 is distinct from other defined classes of pleckstrin homology domains. Finally, examination of CK2alpha for a region that mediates interactions with CKIP-1 revealed a putative HIKE domain, a complex motif found exclusively in proteins that bind pleckstrin homology domains. However, mutations within this motif were not able to abolish CKIP-1-CK2 interactions suggesting that this motif by itself may not be sufficient to mediate interactions. Overall, these results provide novel insights into how CK2, a predominantly nuclear enzyme, is targeted to the plasma membrane, and perhaps more importantly how it may be regulated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".