Distribution and frequency of <i>Cronartium flaccidum</i> on <i>Melampyrum </i>spp. in Finland
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Distribution and frequency of Cronartium flaccidum telia were investigated on Melampyrum spp. growing wild in 355 Scots pine stands in Finland. Telia were found for the first time on M. arvense in Finland and for the first time on M. pratense and M. nemorosum in natural forests anywhere. Cronartium flaccidum telia were found in 22% of all stands with M. sylvaticum, 3% of stands with M. pratense, 12% of stands with M. nemorosum, 100% of stands with M. arvense, and 0% of stands with M. cristatum. Melampyrum spp. with telia were mostly found in northern Finland. The proportions of stands with telia and of plants with telia per stand, the frequency of telia-bearing leaves per plant, and the average number of telia per leaf were greater for M. sylvaticum than for most of the other Melampyrum species. In severely affected pine stands, telia were frequent on M. sylvaticum, but scarce or lacking on M. pratense. On sites with M. sylvaticum, the respective proportion of telia-bearing plants was significantly higher in young development classes and severely diseased stands than in older development classes and slightly damaged stands. The results suggest that the main host of C. flaccidum is M. sylvaticum in northern Finland.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".