Pre- and postresection thoracic washings in non-small cell carcinoma of the lung: A cytological study of 44 patients without pleural effusion
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The presence of malignant pleural effusion in patients with non-small cell bronchogenic cancer has a poor prognostic significance and is indicative of advanced disease (T4, IIIB). The present study will investigate the role of cytology and identify the various cellular components seen in thoracic washings, in the absence of an effusion, and will identify the potential pitfalls in diagnosing these specimens. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values will be determined, as well as the associated predictive factors. From November 1996 to July 1997, 96 thoracic washings were performed on 44 patients with non-small cell carcinoma of the lung prior to and following resection. The specimens were processed routinely. To assess the false-negative or false-positive cases, all cases were rescreened and then correlated with the surgical pathology. Seven (15.9%) patients had positive findings detected on the pre- and/or postresection thoracic washings. One (2.3%) patient had a negative preresection, but cytologically atypical cells were found on the postresection. Thirty-six (81.8%) patients had negative pre- and postresection thoracic washings. There were no false-positive diagnoses in the study; however, two false-negative diagnoses were made. The finding of positive cytology in 7 of 44 (15.9%) patients appears significant. Thoracic washings may provide evidence of cancer beyond the pleura in patients without pleural effusion which may be indicative of advanced disease.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".