Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube‐CaCO<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticle Composites for the Construction of a Tyrosinase‐Based Amperometric Dopamine Biosensor
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We report the fabrication of a highly sensitive dopamine biosensor based on the entrapment of tyrosinase into CaCO 3 nanoparticles at Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) electrodes. CaCO 3 acts as host matrix for tyrosinase and MWCNT provides a highly porous conductive network enhancing the enzyme immobilization and the electrochemical transduction of the enzyme reaction by boosting the amplification phenomenon involved in the biosensing of catechol and dopamine. The comparison of the performance of CaCO 3 ‐tyrosinase electrodes with and without MWCNT film clearly indicates the improvement in sensitivity and maximum current brought by the combination of MWCNTs and inorganic nanomaterials. These nanostructured hybrid bioelectrodes exhibit a high sensitivity for the detection of catechol and dopamine, namely 35.7 A mol −1 L cm −2 , the detection limit for dopamine being 15 nmol L −1 with no influence of the presence of interferents, i.e. uric acid and ascorbic acid.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".