Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the thyroid – a rare tumour at an unusual site
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We describe the light microscopic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features of the first case in the literature of a primary mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MC) of the thyroid and discuss its differential diagnosis at unusual extraskeletal sites. A nodular lesion of the thyroid with no evidence of extrathyroid disease showed the bimorphic pattern and haemangiopericytoma-like areas typical of MC. In the undifferentiated areas, the cells were CD99 positive/CD117 negative, while the stroma showed focal positivity for alpha-inhibin. In spite of its rarity, it is important to diagnose primary mesenchymal chondrosarcoma in a parenchymatous organ such as the thyroid because its biological behaviour may be different from that of tumours of similar morphology and complete resection is the treatment of choice. The patient is free of disease nearly 66 months after its first presentation. Cytogenetic and immunohistological markers may play important roles in diagnosis of this lesion in future, especially with limited tissue samplings; however, for the present a thorough sampling of the tumour remains the best diagnostic strategy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".