Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and risk of osteoarthritis: A meta-analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms have been reported to be involved in the development of many musculoskeletal disorders, including osteoarthritis (OA). However, results were inconsistent and there is no definite conclusion regarding the association between any VDR polymorphism and the risk of OA. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis to determine whether BsmI, TaqI, and ApaI polymorphisms in the VDR gene are associated with OA susceptibility. Literature research was performed using PubMed and EMBASE databases. Studies illustrating the association between the three VDR polymorphisms and OA were included, and their qualities were assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Eight eligible studies, recruiting 1626 cases and 2024 controls were identified. Their methodological qualities were generally good, with scores ranging from 6 to 8 points. However, throughout all summary analyses, which were performed for multiple categories and on four contrasts (allele contrast, contrast of homozygotes, recessive and dominant models), none of the VDR BsmI, TaqI, and ApaI gene polymorphisms were found to be significantly associated with the risk of OA. On the other hand, there was no significant publication bias. Results from this meta-analysis suggested that the VDR BsmI, TaqI, and ApaI gene polymorphisms might not be important predictors of OA. More studies further investigating these associations, especially taking into account of gene-gene, gene-environment interactions, and other confounding factors are warranted.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".