Interactions between field populations of the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida and Rhizoctonia solani diseases of potatoes under controlled environment and glasshouse conditions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This research elucidates interactions between Globodera pallida and Rhizoctonia solani (AG3) by comparing disease development in potato plants inoculated with G. pallida and R. solani. The effects of juvenile population density and time of infestation on R. solani disease were investigated in controlled environments. Plants were inoculated with a range of densities of second-stage juveniles (J2) of G. pallida (800, 4000, 10 000, 20 000 and 40 000 J2/plant) and R. solani at 2, 4 and 6 weeks after planting and a single treatment of G. pallida density and R. solani alone. The experiment demonstrated that greatest disease incidence and severity occurred when high population densities of G. pallida were applied at an early stage of plant development. To determine if this effect could explain differences in R. solani disease incidence and severity following interactions with individual field populations of G. pallida, a glasshouse experiment was conducted using two populations of G. pallida with known hatching characteristics (fast and slow hatching). The experiment revealed that a combination of a fast-hatching population with R. solani caused significantly more R. solani disease incidence and severity than a population of G. pallida with slower hatching characteristics.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".