Impact of Time Interval from the Last Meal on Glucose Response to Exercise in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes<sup>1</sup>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We evaluate the influence of the time interval from the last meal on the blood glucose response to exercise in men with type 2 diabetes. Nineteen men with type 2 diabetes participated in an exercise training program carried out at 60% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2peak) for 1 h, 3 times a week. Capillary whole blood glucose was measured immediately before and after each exercise session, and the time interval from the last meal (breakfast, lunch, or dinner) was recorded. Seven time intervals were considered (fasted overnight and 0-1, 1-2, 2-3, 3-4, 4-5, and 5-8 h postmeal). A total of 1,045 exercise sessions were analyzed. There was no change in blood glucose levels when individuals were in the fasted state (mean +/- SE, 8.1 +/- 0.2 vs. 8.1 +/- 0.1 mmol/L; before vs. after, respectively). However, blood glucose decreased by 28 +/- 1% at 0-1 h, by 33 +/- 1% at 1-2 h, by 35 +/- 1% at 2-3 h, by 38 +/- 2% at 3-4 h, by 43 +/- 2% at 4-5 h, and by 23 +/- 3% at 5-8 h (all P < 0.001). These results demonstrate that 1 h of ergocycle exercise has no clinical impact on blood glucose when performed in the fasted state in men with type 2 diabetes, whereas a significant decrease in blood glucose should be expected when the same exercise is performed postprandially.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".