Fatty acids in profundal benthic invertebrates and their major food resources in Lake Erken, Sweden: seasonal variation and trophic indications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fatty acid (FA) concentrations and their seasonal variations were quantified for profundal benthic invertebrates, surficial sediment, and sedimenting matter from Lake Erken, Sweden. Food quality for profundal zoobenthos, as indicated by the concentrations of long-chain polyunsaturated FA, ω3 FA, or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in sediment and sedimenting matter, was highest in spring and autumn and markedly lower in summer. Surficial sediment was consistently lower in all FA than was sedimenting matter. Palmitoleic acid (16:1ω7) was the dominating FA in both sedimenting matter and sediment. In fauna samples, EPA, palmitic acid (16:0), palmitoleic acid, and vaccenic acid (18:1ω7) were among the dominant FA. Docosahexaenoic acid was found only in the predators Chaoborus and Procladius. Differences between functional feeding guilds were found for the diatom-indicating FA palmitoleic acid and the bacteria-specific FA isoseptadecanoic acid (17:0iso). Furthermore, principal components analysis showed marked differences in FA composition among taxa. These differences reflect the relative contribution of food from autotrophic (phytoplankton production) and heterotrophic sources (detrital food web) in profundal invertebrate taxa.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".