Influence of uric acid amendment on the in‐vessel process of composting composite food waste
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract BACKGROUND: The food waste produced in small cities, rural areas and small communities often coexists with agroindustrial waste, such as livestock and poultry manure, which include high levels of uric acid (UA). This study investigated the influence of UA on the composting of food waste in an in‐vessel system. RESULTS: Results showed that the performance of food waste composting was significantly different in systems with UA amendment and without UA amendment. Treatment with UA addition was the first to reach the thermophilic phase. More intensive mass reduction took place in the UA‐amended treatments at an early stage. The variations of pH and O 2 uptake were also correlated with the added UA. A decreasing trend in C/N ratio and a general increasing trend for NH $_{4}^{+}$ ‐N concentration were observed when UA was added. CONCLUSIONS: The overall effect of UA can be assumed to be the sum of a large number of individual events with different mechanisms. Appropriate strategies could be applied to adjust the composting process, mediating both positive and negative effects of the coexistence of food waste and UA as well as manure. The results from this study may have important implications for composting technologies used to treat food waste. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".