Daytime Sleepiness and Quality of Sleep in Patients with COPD Compared to Control Group
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a widespread disease. It produces some night symptoms such as nighttime cough and dyspnea. Then subjective and objective changes in sleep pattern are expected. Present study was conducted to determine frequency of sleepiness and quality of sleep in patients with COPD. MATERIALS & METHODS: Present case-control study has been performed on 120 patients with diagnosis of COPD who had been referred to pulmonary disease clinic in a University teaching hospital. One hundred twenty age- and sex- matched healthy individuals were recruited in the study and served as control. Spirometry (PFT) was performed for all patients. Patients were categorized under 3 groups in relation to their PFT as follow: mild COPD (FEV1/FVC<70% and >=80%), moderate COPD (FEV1/FVC<70% and 50%<=FEV1<80%), and severe COPD (FEV1/FVC<70% and FEV1<50%). Pittsburgh Sleep Quality questionnaire (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were used to estimate quality of sleep and daytime sleepiness in the patients and control group. The collected data were analyzed using version 16 SPSS software. Student's T- test, Chi- square and multiple logistic regressions were used as appropriated. RESULTS: 120 patients with COPD (79 males and 41 females) and 120 normal individuals responded to the questionnaires. Mean scores of quality of sleep were 8.03±3.66 and 4.2±2.8 in COPD patients and control group respectively. 32.1% of the patients had good sleep quality (PSQI score less than 5) and 67.9% had poor sleep quality. Daytime sleepiness (ESS>=10) was present in 34.8% of the patients and 15% of control people. Multiple logistic regressions showed that the patients reported significantly worse sleep quality and more daytime sleepiness than control group [OR=2.9; 95% CI (1.6-3.7) & OR=3.5; 95% CI (2.5-4.3) respectively]. CONCLUSION: Results of present study confirmed that COPD is associated with daytime sleepiness and poor quality of sleep, possibly attributable to nighttime respiratory difficulties and concomitant sleep apnea. Assessment of the patients for symptoms of sleep apnea, daytime sleepiness should be a part of regular follow up visits of patients with COPD.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".