Emotions before Intention : Source Generators in the Limbic Area before Bereitschafts Potential
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The sensorimotor area, supplementary motor area, and cingulate cortex of the frontal medial wall are important regions for the generation and control of movement.Traditionally, investigations into the control of movement were performed using neuroimaging and electroencephalography recordings with subdural electrodes.Recent advances in electroencephalograph analysis with dipole-tracing analysis incorporating a realistic three-layer head model (scalp-skull-brain head model) provide a non-invasive method for the detection of dipoles in the millisecond range.These advances allow investigations into the underlying processing of cognitive function and movement execution.In the present study, we constructed a scalp-skull-brain head model from Montreal Neurological Institute standard brain images and detected dipole localizations in the millisecond range from the grand-averaged negative slope to motor potentials during a simple pinching movement.We used dipole analysis of the grand average for all subjects, incorporating the Montreal Neurological Institute standard brain images, and show the involvement of general locations related to the task.For left hand pinching, the electroencephalograph revealed the order as Bereitschafts potential, negative slope, motor potential.The dipoles were converged in the same order in the supplementary motor area proper, cingulate motor area, and in the sensorimotor area, area for hand motor area.A similar pattern was observed for right hand pinching movement.We show that the dipole converges in the contralateral side of the hippocampus and amygdala before the onset of the Bereitschafts potential.Since the hippocampus and amygdala are associated with the limbic cycles, our findings suggest that both the hippocampus and amygdala are required for the function of the cortico-basal ganglionic thalamocortical loop.Together, this study suggests that strong emotional factors must exist before intentional movement, and before activation of the higher cortical centers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".