The Submillimeter Properties of Broad Absorption Line Quasars
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We have carried out the first systematic survey of the submillimeter properties of broad absorption line (BAL) quasars. Thirty BAL quasars drawn from a homogeneously selected sample from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey at redshifts 2 < z < 2.6 were observed with the SCUBA array at the JCMT to a typical rms sensitivity of 2.5 mJy. Eight quasars were detected at greater than 2 σ significance, four of which are at greater than 3 σ significance. The far-infrared luminosities of these quasars are greater than 10 13 L ☉ . There is no correlation of submillimeter flux with either the strength of the broad absorption feature or with absolute magnitude in our sample. We compare the submillimeter flux distribution of the BAL quasar sample with that of a sample of quasars that do not show BAL features in their optical spectra and find that the two are indistinguishable. BAL quasars do not have higher submillimeter luminosities than non-BAL quasars. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that all quasars would contain a BAL if viewed along a certain line of sight. The data are inconsistent with a model in which the BAL phenomenon indicates a special evolutionary stage that coincides with a large dust mass in the host galaxy and a high submillimeter luminosity. Our work provides constraints on alternative evolutionary explanations of BAL quasars.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".