Spatial patterns of soil microclimate, light, regeneration, and growth within silvicultural gaps of mixed tolerant hardwood white pine stands
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Large gaps (equivalent to twice the height of the trees, 1590 m 2 ) originating from group selection cutting in mixed tolerant hardwood eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) stands of Quebec were used for geostatistical analysis of the seasonal mean of daily percent photosynthetic photon flux density (%PPFD), soil temperature and moisture, regeneration density of white pine, yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britt.), and paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.)), and growth of white pine. %PPFD, which measures the quantity of light above the shrub layer, varied according to the northsouth axis, the maximum being located in the northern portion of gaps. Surficial soil (5 cm) temperature and moisture varied according to both northsouth and eastwest axes. The southwest sector offered favourable conditions for white pine, yellow birch, and paper birch establishment, with maximum soil moisture and minimum soil temperature encountered in this position. There was no evidence of gap partitioning at the early establishment stage, although asymmetry in the microclimate was observed. However, results indicate that spatial patterns could change in the future and a partition resulting from differential survival among species could occur. Finally, results outline a possible discordance between optimal regeneration and growth niches for white pine, since planted seedlings (>1 m) had the best growth in the central and northern section of gaps.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".