A CCD Study of the Environment of Seyfert Galaxies. III. Host Galaxies and the Nearby Environments
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A technique is described that permits the robust decomposition of the bulge and disk components of a sample of Seyfert galaxies, as well as a (control) sample of nonactive galaxies matched to the Seyferts in the distributions of redshift, luminosity, and morphological classification. The structural parameters of the host galaxies in both samples are measured. No statistically significant differences at greater than the 95% level are found in these parameters according to a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. "Companion galaxies"—defined as any galaxy within a projected separation of 200 h -1 kpc from the center of the host—are identified and their basic properties measured. A comparison between the active and control samples in the distributions of apparent R magnitude, absolute R magnitude (assuming the companions are at the distance of the host), projected separation from the host, position angle relative to the host, magnitude difference between the companion and host, and strength of the tidal parameter shows no statistically significant differences. Similarly, no statistically significant differences are found between the control and active sample host galaxies in terms of light asymmetries—bars, rings, isophotal twisting, etc. The implications for a model in which interactions and mergers are responsible for inciting activity in galactic nuclei are discussed briefly.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".