Social Determinants of Health and Health Outcomes in Men and Fathers with Mental Health Issues
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to examine whether differences exist in social determinants of health and health outcomes between men without children and two groups of fathers: fathers with children less than 18 years of age and fathers with children 18 years of age or older. The design of the study was a secondary analysis of quantitative data extracted from a larger provincially funded five year research project focused on mental health and housing. The sample included 277 Canadian male psychiatric consumers: 99 (36%) were fathers, 63 (65%) had younger children, and 34 (35%) had adult children. Age, marital status, employment, housing, income, legal involvement, and social support were used as a proxy for social determinants of health. The three health outcome measures were quality of life, severity of problems, and functioning. The descriptive and comparison analysis showed that although half of the fathers of younger children expressed a preference to parent, only two were parenting on a day-to-day basis. Compared with non-fathers, fathers were characteristically older, separated, unemployed, and homeless. Fathers reported poorer satisfaction with family relationships and greater struggles with substance misuse. Fathers of younger children had a higher rate of overall problem severity than fathers of adult children. Overall, fathers with mental illness in despairing social conditions had poorer health outcomes and may require specialized supports to minimize the barriers to fulfill their desired role to parent.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".