Adolescent and adult Pertussis vaccination programs: Are they having an impact?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pertussis disease in infancy remains a significant problem, with a high risk of serious morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries. Improved disease prevention strategies are imperative. In countries with established childhood vaccination programs, studies have shown that adults are the predominant source of infection for infants. Therefore strategies to protect infants now emphasise vaccination of adults, particularly those (eg, parents, close household contacts and health-care workers) at high risk of transmitting infection to infants. A cocoon strategy, in which all potential adolescent and adult contacts of infants are vaccinated, is probably the most cost-effective solution. Postpartum vaccination program of new mothers are ongoing in the US. The introduction of booster doses in adolescents has been an important step toward decreasing disease burden. For example, in areas of Canada where Tdap vaccine has been administered to 14- to 16-year-olds, marked reductions of pertussis have been observed in adolescents and younger age groups, possibly due to herd immunity. Adult disease in itself is a concern, with the true adult burden estimated at more than 600,000 cases annually in the United States. Adults commonly have a persistent cough for up to 4 months, often requiring medical treatment for the associated morbidity and to reduce the risk of infection to others. Furthermore, it can have significant financial implications for the patient and society. Evidence suggests that implementation of adult vaccination programs could be highly cost-effective and even cost-saving. This presentation will review available data on pertussis vaccination of adults and adolescents, and assesses the potential impact of such vaccination, both now and in the future. Abstracts for SupplementInternational Journal of Infectious DiseasesVol. 14Preview Full-Text PDF Open Archive
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".