Bibliographic record
Abstract
Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Letters to the EditorFull AccessCanada Is No ModelEthan Kass, D.O.Ethan Kass, D.O.Published Online:7 Oct 2005https://doi.org/10.1176/pn.40.19.00400030bAPA members who favor a universal coverage, single-payer health care plan received a long-overdue reality check from the Canadian Supreme Court on June 9, as described in an article in the August 5 issue. Canada's highly overidealized health care system was ruled woefully inadequate, and the ban on private medical insurance was declared unconstitutional.The Canadian health care service has slowly tortured Canadians for years. With no alternative to the government-run, single-payer plan, Canadians, except those able to travel to the United States, experienced limited access to cutting-edge medical technologies, limited referrals to specialists, limited drug formularies, and very long waits for treatment. Canadian Chief Justice Beverly McLachlin wrote, "Access to a waiting list is not access to health care."A review of the health system in Canada and other countries with government-run, single-payer systems reveals that declaring health care a" right" and raising taxes produces only rationed care and wasteful bureaucracies.The best chance a nation has to provide quality health care to its citizens is through a market economy. It is a common misconception that our health care system is shaped by free-market forces. Unfortunately, the U.S. medical field is one of the most heavily government-regulated industries. Through a variety of avenues that include the tax code, sale of insurance, and its own payer systems (Medicare and Medicaid), our government has inadvertently escalated the cost of care. The key to increased access and improved affordability is through less government intervention, not more.The Canadian Supreme Court has provided us with a cautionary tale about socialized medicine. For the well-being of our citizens, let's not remain obstinate about considering a single-payer system to solve our health care problems. Let us focus on what a free market can do to provide the best health care possible for the most people.Coral Springs, Fla. ISSUES NewArchived
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.013 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.013 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.014 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.009 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.328 | 0.099 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".