A hybrid systems model to simulate cyber interdependencies between critical infrastructures
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Critical infrastructures (CI) depend on communications and information technology infrastructure (CITI) for many of their key functionalities, which is known as cyber interdependency. In this paper, we presented a cyber interdependency simulation technique that is based on the idea that overall performance of a CI network is determined by the behaviour of its components at multiple time scales. Accordingly, for cyber interdependency simulation, we decomposed CI network into two time scales; regular CI events are captured in large time-steps and data communication network events are captured in smaller time-steps. Two different simulators are used for each of these partitions and results from both simulations are synchronised appropriately. A real life example is presented to demonstrate the accuracy and usefulness of our approach. The hybrid simulation model gives significant flexibility to plug-in domain specific models into the critical infrastructure simulator for accurate and efficient solution.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it